Biography of Johannes Brahms

Composer Johannes Brahms was born in Hamburg, Germany on May 7, 1833, the son of a string bass player, and a seamstress. His father wanted him to become an orchestral musician, but Brahms soon demonstrated a clear preference and talent for the pianoforte and at age seven he began studies with a pupil of Eduard Marxen, and eventually with Marxen himself. Marxen's deep understanding and fondness for the music of Bach and Beethoven influenced Brahms to a commitment toward the traditional styles of the mid-nineteenth century, and a lasting rejection of later nineteenth century modernism as represented by the music of Wagner and Liszt.

 

Brahms did not achieve early success as a performing pianist or as a composer, and made his living playing in cafes and composing hack-works for local performing groups.

 

While still in his early twenties Brahms met Joseph Joachim, the renowned violinist and the two became fast friends and often made joint concert tours through Europe. Through Joachim Brahms met Franz Liszt, and also Robert and Clara Schuman, who were to have perhaps the most profound influence on his musical and composing career. He remained close to the Schumanns, and spent much time with them, especially during Robert's decline into serious mental illness. After the death of Robert he remained close to Clara. Initially he was very much in love with Clara, fourteen years his senior, though she did not return his love. However they remained close friends for the remainder of her life. She premiered many of his compositions on her frequent concert tours. An affair with Agnes Siebold in 1858 at age 25 was the closest he would ever come to marriage.

 

Brahms had hoped to secure a permanent conducting position, or conservatory appointment, but though he secured several positions in various places, each failed for some reason, and he never succeeded in this ambition. In 1868 he settled permanently in Vienna, where he had established a wide circle of friends among the most famous and successful musical and cultural figures of his time. The premier of his German Requiem in 1869, more than any of his previous works established his reputation as a significant composer. Throughout his career he composed prolifically for almost all instrumental combinations, as well as works for piano, chorus and solo voice. Many still appear regularly on today's concert programs. Most popular today perhaps are his German Requiem, his four symphonies, the Alto Rhapsody, and his chamber music.

 

Brahms died at age 64 in Vienna, on April 3, 1897, of cancer of the liver, only a few months after the death of his dear friend, Clara Schuman.